ʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷¹¤ÒÕ½éÉÜ£º
ʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷Óɸßѹ¾²µç×°Öú͵ç³ýÎíÆ÷±¾Ìå×é³É£¬Æ乤×÷ÔÀíÓë¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷Ò»Ñù£¬ Ö»ÊdzÁµí¼«²ÉÓùÜÊø½á¹¹£¬Ã¿¸ö³Áµí¼«¹Ü¶ÔÓ¦ 1 ¸ùÒõ¼«µçÔÎÏß¡£¹¤×÷ʱÀûÓøßѹ¾²µç×°ÖöԼÜÉè ÔÚʪʽ¾²µç³ýÎí³ý³¾Æ÷ÄڵĵçÔÎÏßÊ©¼Ó¸ºµÄ¸ßѹµç£¬´Ó¶øÔÚµçÔÎÏߺͳÁµí¼«¹ÜÖ®¼äÐγɲ»¾ùÔ鵀 ¸ßѹ¾²µç³¡²¢ÇÒÁ½¸öµç¼«ÊÇͬÖá²¼Öõģ¬³Áµí¼«¹ÜÄÚ¸÷µãµÄµç³¡Ç¿¶ÈÓë¸ÃµãºÍµçÔÎÏßÖ®¼äµÄ¾àÀë ³É·´±È¡£Ôڵ糡Á¦µÄ×÷ÓÃÏ£¬Õû¸ö³Áµí¼«¹ÜÄÚ²¿¶¼ÐγɵçÔÎÇø£¬ÔÚµçÔÎÇøÄÚ£¬¸ßŨ¶ÈµÄ¸ºÀë×Ó (µç×Ó)´ÓµçÔε缫ԴԴ²»¶ÏµØÏò³Áµí¼«¹Ü×ö¶¨ÏòÔ˶¯´Ó¶øÐγɵçÔεçÁ÷¡£µ±º¬ÓÐË®Îí¼°ÆäËûÎÛȾ
ÎïµÄÑÌÆø½øÈë³Áµí¼«¹Üʱ£¬ÓÉÓÚÀë×ÓµÄÅöײºÍÀ©É¢£¬Ë®ÎíºÍÎÛȾÎïºÉµç£¬È»ºóÔڵ糡Á¦µÄ×÷Óà ÏÂѸËÙµÖ´ï³Áµí¼«¹ÜµÄÄÚ±Ú²¢Í¬Ê±ÊͷųöµçºÉ£¬ÔÚ³Áµí¼«¹ÜÄÚ±ÚÐγÉҺĤ£¬ÒºÄ¤ÔÚÖØÁ¦×÷ÓÃÏ Á÷µ½¾²µç³ýÎíÆ÷ϲ¿µÄ¼¯Òº²ÛÖм¯Öд¦Àí£¬´Ó¶ø´ïµ½²¶¼¯ÑÌÆøÖÐÎíµÎºÍÆäËüÎÛȾÎïµÄÄ¿µÄ¡£Êª ʽ¾²µç³ýÎí³ý³¾Æ÷µÄ³ý³¾³ýÎí¹ý³Ì¿É¸ÅÀ¨ÎªÒÔÏÂËĸö½×¶Î£ºÆøÌåµÄµçÀë¡¢³¾ÎíµÈÁ£×ӵĺɵ硢 ºÉµç³¾ÎíÁ£×ӵijÁ¼¯¡¢¼¯³¾µÄÇåÀí¡£
ʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷µÄϵͳ×é³É£º
£¨1£©ÊªÊ½¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷Ö÷Ìå
ʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷Ö÷Ìå²ÉÓó¤·½Ðνṹ£¬ÄÚ²¿ÉèÓÐÆøÌå³ýÎí×°Öà £¬¿ÇÌåÄÚΪ²£Á§ ¸Ö°å¡£
£¨2£©Ñô¼«×°ÖÃ
Ñô¼«×°ÖðüÀ¨³Áµí¼«¡¢Ö§³ÅÁº¡¢³åÏ´Ë®¹Ü¡£ Ñô¼«£¨Ò²³Æ³Áµí¼«£©²ÉÓóÉÊìÏȽøµÄ¹Üʽµ¼Ìå²£ Á§¸Ö²ÄÖÊ¡¢µ¼µçÐÔÄܺá¢Ò׳åÏ´µÈÓŵ㡣Ñô¼«Ä£ÉÏ¡¢Ï¶ËÓÉÖ§³Å¹ÜÖ§³Å¡¢ÕŽô£¬ÆäÖÐÉϲ¿µÄÖ§³Å¹Ü¼æ×ö³åÏ´Ë®¹Ü£¬Í¨¹ý¸Ã³åÏ´Ë®¹Ü¿ÉʵÏÖÑô¼«Ä£Áù¸öÃæµÄÔÚÏß³åÏ´£¬ÒÔ±£Ö¤Ñô¼«Ä£²»½á¹¸¡£³Áµí¼«Îª·äÎÑ×´½á¹¹£¬½á¹¹½ØÃæÃæ»ýÀûÓÃÂʸߣ¬²£Á§¸Ö²ÄÖʾßÓÐ µ¼µçÐÔÄܺá¢Ê¹ÓÃÊÙÃü³¤µÈÓŵ㡣
£¨3£©Òõ¼«×°ÖÃ
Òõ¼«×°ÖðüÀ¨Òõ¼«Ïß¡¢ÉÏϲ¿µõ¹Ò×°ÖᢾøÔµÏ䡣ÿ¸öÑô¼«¿×ÖÐÐIJ¼ÖÃÓÐÒ»ÌõÒõ¼«Ïߣ¬²ÉÓÃ316L²»Ðâ¸Ö²ÄÖÊ£¬Òõ¼«Ï߹̶¨ÓÚÉÏÏ¿ò¼ÜÉÏ£¬¿ò¼Üͨ¹ý¾øÔµÏäÖ§³Å¡£¾øÔµÏäÄÚµõ¸Ë²ÉÓþøÔµ×ÓÖ§³Å£¬ ¾øÔµÏäÄÚͨ¹ý¸ßκæ¸É×°ÖÃʹÒõ¼«×°ÖÃʱ¿ÌÓëÑô¼«¼°ËþÌå±£³Ö¸ÉÔï¾øԵ״̬¡£ ±¾ÊªÊ½¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷ÉèÖÃÒ»¸öµç³¡£¬µç³¡Í¨¹ý¾øÔµÏä²ÉÓøßƵºãÁ÷µçԴΪ³¡Çø¹©µç£¬ÊªÊ½¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷¹²ÉèÖà 6 ¸ö¾øÔµÏä¡£ ʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷ÉÏ·½²¼ÖÃÓÐÒ»²ã³åÏ´Ë®×°Ö㬶ÔÒõ ¼«Ïß½øÐÐÖÜÆÚÐÔ³åÏ´¡£
£¨4£©Çå»Òϵͳ
ʪÑÌÆø½øÈëʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷£¬ÔÚʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷µÄÑô¼«¹ÜºÍÒõ¼«ÏßÖ®¼äÊ©¼ÓÊýÍò·üÖ±Á÷¸ßѹµç£¬ÔÚÇ¿µç³¡µÄ×÷ÓÃÏ£¬µçÔÎÏßÖÜΧ²úÉúµçÔβ㣬µçÔβãÖеĿÕÆøÑ©±ÀʽµçÀ룬²úÉú´óÁ¿µÄ¸ºÀë×ÓºÍÉÙÁ¿µÄÑôÀë×Ó£¬ÔÚÑô¼«Í²ÄÚʪÑÌÆøÖеÄ΢³¾£¨Îí£©Á£×ÓÓë·Åµç²úÉúÕý¡¢¸ºÀë×ÓÏàÅöײ¶øºÉµç£¬ºÉµçºóµÄ³¾£¨Îí£©Á£×ÓÓÉÓÚÊܵ½¸ßѹ¾²µçµç³§¿âÂØÁ¦µÄ×÷Ó㬷ֱðÏòÒõ¡¢Ñô¼«Ô˶¯¡£µ½´ïÁ½¼«ºó£¬½«¸÷×ÔËù´øµÄµçºÉÊͷŵô£¬³¾£¨Îí£©Á£×Ӿͱ»Òõ¡¢Ñô¼«ËùÊÕ¼¯£¬¿¿ÖØÁ¦×ÔÁ÷Ïò϶øÓëÆøÌå·ÖÀë¡£²¿·ÖµÄ³¾£¨Îí£©Á£±¾ÉíÔòÓÉÓÚÆä¹ÌÓеÄð¤ÐÔ¶ø¸½×ÅÔÚÑô¼«¹Ü£¨Í²£©ºÍÒõ¼«ÏßÉÏ£¬Í¨¹ý³åÏ´·½Ê½**¡£
£¨5£©³åϴϵͳ
ÉèÖÃʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷µÄ³åϴƵÂÊÒ»°ã¸ù¾Ýʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷Èë¿Ú¼´ÔÍÑ ÁòËþ³ö¿ÚÑÌÆøµÄ³É·Ö¶ø¶¨£¬Ö±½ÓÅųý½øÈëµ½ÍÑÁò³Ø»òÕßÁíÍâ´¢´æ×öÍÑÁò¹¤ÒÕË®£¬Ò²ÎÞ¶îÍâ´¦Àí·ÑÓá£ÊªÊ½¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷ÄÚ²¿¹²·ÖΪһ¸öµç³¡£¬ÉèÖÃÒ»Ì׸ßƵºãÁ÷µçԴΪµç³¡Ìṩ¸ßѹֱÁ÷µçÔ´£¬¶ÀÁ¢ÔËÐС£
¿ØÖÆϵͳ 1¡¢¿ØÖÆ·½Ê½ ʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷µ¥¶À¿ØÖÆϵͳ¡£
¼à¿Ø·¶Î§·ÖÉ¢¿Ø ÖÆϵͳµÄ¼à¿Ø·¶Î§°üÀ¨£ºÊªÊ½¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷×°Öã»ÊªÊ½¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷¸¨Öúϵͳ¡£
ʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷µÄ¹¤×÷ÔÀí¼°¼¼Êõ˵Ã÷ £º
1¡¢ÊªÊ½¾²µç³ýÎí³ý³¾Æ÷¾ßÓÐÒÔÏ 4 ÏîÓŵ㣺 Óë¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷Ïà±Èʪʽ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷¾ßÓÐÒÔÏÂÓŵ㣬
(1)ÓÉÓÚ·Û³¾ÓëË®Ï໥½»ÈÚÐγɵÄÎíµÎ¾ßÓÐÁ¼ºÃµÄµ¼µçÐÔ£¬Òò´Ë£¬Äܹ»ÊÕ¼¯¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷²»ÄÜÊÕ¼¯µÄð¤ÐÔ¡¢¸ß±Èµç×èµÄ·Û³¾¡£
(2)ûÓÐÕñ´ò×°Ööø²ÉÓõ¥¹Üµ¥³å×°Ö㬲»´æÔÚ¶þ´Î·ÉÑïÎÊÌ⣬Ҳ²»´æÔÚ´«¶¯×°ÖÃÈÝÒ׳ö¹ÊÕϵÄÎÊÌâ¡£
(3)ÄÜÌṩ¼¸±¶ÓÚ¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷µÄµçÔι¦ÂÊ£¬¾ßÓкܸߵijýÎí³ý³¾Ð§ÂÊ£¬ÓÈÆä¶ÔÓÚϸСµÄ·Û³¾¿ÅÁ£¡¢ÎíµÎ¡¢ÆøÈܽº¡¢½ðÊô¿ÅÁ£¡¢ËáÎíµÈ¾ßÓкÜÇ¿µÄ²¶¼¯ÄÜÁ¦¡£µç¼«Ö®¼äµÄµç³¡ Ex Ϊ°ë¾¶·½Ïò£¬ÆäֵΪ Ex = U ʽÖÐ: U:Ê©¼ÓÔڵ缫¼äµÄµçѹ£»R:Íⲿµç¼«µÄ°ë¾¶£»r:ÄÚ²¿µç¼«µÄ°ë¾¶£» x lnr X:¿Õ¼äÈÎÒ»µãÀëÖáÏߵľàÀë¡£
(4)ÔÚ²ÉÓÃ΢»ú¿ØÖƵçÔ´ºÍÐÂÐͷŵçµç¼«µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬ÑÌÆøÖеķ۳¾¿ÅÁ£¡¢ÎíµÎ¡¢ÆøÈܽº¡¢½ðÊô¿ÅÁ£¡¢ËáÎíµÈÔڵ糡µÄÇý½øËٶȿÉÒÔ´ïµ½ 0.1m/s ÒÔÉÏ£¬Óеĸߴï 0.19m/s¡£ÌرðÖµµÃ×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ¿í¼«¾àµÄʪʽ¾²µç³ýÎí³ý³¾Æ÷£¬ÔÚÌá¸ß³ý³¾³ýÎíЧÂÊ£¬½µµÍ³ý³¾³ýÎí³É±¾·½ÃæÓкܴóµÄÓÅÊÆ£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²Êǽâ¾öµçÔαÕÈûµÄ·½·¨Ö®Ò»£¬ÊÇĿǰʪʽ¾²µç³ýÎí³ý³¾Æ÷·¢Õ¹µÄÒ»¸öÐÂÇ÷ÊÆ¡£×ÜÖ®£¬ÊªÊ½¾²µç³ýÎí³ý³¾Æ÷ÌصãÊdzýÎí³ý³¾Ð§Âʸߣ¬**¿É´ïµ½ 99%,Äܲ¶¼¯ 1um ×óÓÒµÄÁ£×Ó£¬ÇÒѹÁ¦ËðʧС£¬Ò»°ãΪ 0.2¡«0.5kPa,ÔËÐÐÎȶ¨¡£
×ÊѶÀ´Ô´£º±¾Õ¾
|