A20B-2901-0721
A20B-2901-0721
• 联系人:张先生(销售工程师)
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中国传感器产业的那些差距
清华大学精密仪器系教授董永贵介绍,中国大致从1980年以后开始重视传感器技术的研究。经过多年的努力,在传感器研究方面的发展水平还算是比较好的。但是,在产品化方面的技术进步还不是很理想,很多传感器技术,其实国内的实验室研究水平并不是很差,可惜未能充分利用,没有转化为进入市场的成熟产品。
他说,传感器技术的研究需要比较长时间的投入,一款传感器的研发,要6年-8年才能成熟,一般中国企业都承受不了这么长的周期。中国企业更难以承受失败,而传感器的研究失败的风险很高。
根据董永贵在日本访问时了解到的情况,日本企业支持的研发中,很多形不成产品,但是企业能够承受,10项中只要2项-3项能够变成产品就行。
“相比之下,我们很多企业都是准备去拿别人现有的东西。”董永贵说,这种思路是有问题的,包括我们总是希望引进国外现成的、有自己项目的人才。“都不准备养鱼,而是捞一条鱼来。”
相比于比较大型的仪器设备,传感器在产品化过程中需要的投资一般不是很大,所以比较适合小型企业投资。在这方面,中国应该是有优势的。然而,如果从另外一个方面考虑,这也是一个短处。
传感器行业的一个特点是,传感器本身技术含量高,但单只传感器的价格一般不高。此特点导致的一个结果是,尽管传感器的技术附加值高,但单纯依赖传感器很难形成可观的产值。
按照董永贵教授的比喻,传感器有点像中药里的“药引”,本身功能很重要,但真正形成规模还需要依赖整服药剂才行。国外很多传感器公司一旦在某种传感器上有**,很快会有相关的测量仪器开发出来。
而且,在中国的专利保护机制下,传感器中辛辛苦苦研发出来的关键技术,往往呈现一种“诀窍”性质,被抄袭后,很难说清楚,企业也打不起官司。国内虽然也有MEMS传感器企业,但都是委托加工,搞不好就被加工企业自己拿去做了,目前的企业创新体系有很大的问题。
2012年的时候,一位国内传感器领域的前辈在一次会议上说,为什么中国传感器事业发展不好,就是缺乏能够到国务院讲课的**人物,这个领域研发的时间长,显着度不够,本身是很小的东西,所依据的物理现象是几十年、上百年前就发现的。
这位学者指出,这种研究实际上非常辛苦,比如说有一种加速度传感器,在石油行业中用于地震波测量,所依据的是苏联几十年前提出的原理,但是直到这位专家在苏联解体后,到了美国才形成产品得到应用。
“越是需要厚积薄发、广种薄收的领域,我们差距越大。”董永贵认为,现在差距有进一步拉大的趋势。C341BC CUTLER HAMMER
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